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Japanese aircraft carrier Sōryū
was an aircraft carrier built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) during the mid-1930s. A sister ship, , was intended to follow ''Sōryū'', but ''Hiryū''s design was heavily modified and she is often considered to be a separate class. ''Sōryū''s aircraft were employed in operations during the Second Sino-Japanese War in the late 1930s and supported the Japanese invasion of French Indochina in mid-1940. During the first months of the Pacific War, she took part in the attack on Pearl Harbor, the Battle of Wake Island, and supported the conquest of the Dutch East Indies. In February 1942, her aircraft bombed Darwin, Australia, and she continued on to assist in the Dutch East Indies campaign. In April, ''Sōryū'' aircraft helped sink two British heavy cruisers and several merchant ships during the Indian Ocean raid.
After a brief refit, ''Sōryū'' and three other carriers of the 1st Air Fleet (''Kidō Butai'') participated in the Battle of Midway in June 1942. After bombarding American forces on Midway Atoll, the carriers were attacked by aircraft from the island and the carriers , , and . Dive bombers from ''Yorktown'' crippled ''Sōryū'' and set her afire. Japanese destroyers rescued the survivors but the ship could not be salvaged and was ordered to be scuttled so as to allow her attendant destroyers to be released for further operations. She sank with the loss of 711 officers and enlisted men of the 1,103 aboard. The loss of ''Sōryū'' and three other IJN carriers at Midway was a crucial strategic defeat for Japan and contributed significantly to the Allies' ultimate victory in the Pacific.
==Design==
''Sōryū'' was one of two large carriers approved for construction under the Imperial Japanese Navy's 1931–32 Supplementary Program (the other being her near-sister ''Hiryū''). In contrast to some earlier Japanese carriers, such as and , which were conversions of battlecruiser and battleship hulls respectively, ''Sōryū'' was designed from the keel up as an aircraft carrier and incorporated lessons learned from the light carrier .〔Chesneau 1995, p. 165〕
The ship had a length of overall, a beam of and a draft of . She displaced at standard load and at normal load. Her crew consisted of 1,100 officers and enlisted men.〔Jentschura, Jung & Mickel, p. 47〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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